Clinical Pharmacology & Combination Drug Technology of Doxycycline
Abstract: Doxycycline, also known as doxycycline hydrochloride or deoxyoxytetracycline, belongs to the tetracycline antibiotics. It has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, but its antibacterial activity is 2-10 times higher than that of oxytetracycline. This is a commonly used drug for breeding, with a high frequency of use. It is often used for the treatment of poultry mycoplasma and pig respiratory diseases, especially for the treatment of mixed mycoplasma and bacteria…Doxycycline is also called doxycycline hydrochloride and
deoxygenation Oxytetracycline belongs to tetracycline antibiotics, which has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity but is 2-10 times higher than Oxytetracycline. This is a commonly used drug for breeding, and it is used frequently. It is often used in the treatment of avian mycoplasma and porcine respiratory diseases, especially for the treatment of mixed mycoplasma and bacteria. But it is such a commonly used medicine that many farmers don’t understand it and don’t know how to use it! In summary, there are many kinds of bacteria, four kinds of diseases, and one kind of insects.
1. Commonly used in these 7 situations:
1. Bacterial diseases, mostly used in the respiratory tract, such as pleuropneumonia, porcine pneumonia and other diseases, the effect of doxycycline + florfenicol + antipyretic drugs is good; 2. Actinomycetes , that is, the pustules that can grow in various places on the pig. In addition to Streptococcus pyogenes, there is another situation caused by actinomycetes. Generally, the effect of doxycycline is better; 3. Common, “body” disease; Mycoplasma That is panting disease, doxycycline + florfenicol (Zhiyuanjing) are both effective; 4, chlamydia, the first is sow abortion, pearly afterbirth should be considered, and doxycycline is better for treatment; second For a kind of conjunctivitis, the eyes are red, and the effect of using tetracycline eye drops is better; 5. Spirochetes (swine dysentery, etc.) For blood protozoa, which is what we often say about erythematosus and other diseases, the effect of doxycycline administration is better; 7. Oxytetracycline is generally used for prevention and treatment of sows, with less damage and more moderate effect; strong Mycotocin is mostly used in sucking piglets after seven days, yellow with white, white with gray feces; fat pigs often have a fever rebound during the dog days, repeatedly.
2. How to use doxycycline to double the drug effect?
Florfenicol + doxycycline (doxycycline)
This formula is very common, but do you know the ratio that can double the efficacy of the medicine? So what is the ratio of doxycycline? The correct ratio of doxycycline to florfenicol is 2:1, everyone must follow this ratio to dispense the medicine, otherwise the effect will not come out.
Specific algorithm: first calculate the dosage of doxycycline, and then divide the dosage of doxycycline by 2 to get the dosage of florfenicol.
Specific dosage: In the case of treatment, 1g of doxycycline is mixed with 6-8 catties of water, and the dosage is calculated according to this amount, otherwise, the effect will be very poor. Why increase the amount here? Here is a piece of knowledge for everyone, all tetracyclines should be used in increased doses during use.
3. Precautions:
1. The toxicity of this product is relatively small among the drugs in this class, and generally it will not cause flora imbalance, but it cannot be used in large doses for a long time; 2. Equine animals are sensitive to this product, and intravenous injection can cause poisoning or Death, should not be used by intravenous injection.
3. Pay attention to doxycycline injection is more painful, pay attention to stress; 4. Why is Eperythrozoa the first choice
? A member of the sporidia family (1974). Later classified as Rickettsia. However, because it is not an obligate intracellular parasite, is small, has no cell wall, is highly resistant, and is sensitive to tetracyclines. Later, after sequencing, it was found that the gene sequence similarity between the pathogen and Rickettsia was very low, but it was closer to the sequence of Mycoplasma. In recent years, the name Mycoplasma suis has been widely used in western countries, because doxycycline has a better effect on rickettsia and mycoplasma disease, and it may be that tetracyclines are more effective in treating Eperythrozoonosis porcine. In the process of treating eperythrozoonosis with tetracyclines, we found that the application of doxycycline among tetracyclines has the best effect.
Doxycycline combined with carbasalate calcium to treat livestock and poultry respiratory diseases.
Doxycycline is a tetracycline broad-spectrum antibacterial and anti-mycoplasma drug. Its aqueous solution is acidic and well absorbed when taken orally. It is easily soluble in water, and is easily affected by metal ions in water to form a complex, forming a red solution and reducing the efficacy of the drug.
Therefore, in the selection of the drug, it is very important to choose a product with preparation technology and good stability.
In animal and veterinary clinical treatment, doxycycline is mainly used to treat respiratory tract infections caused by sensitive bacteria and mycoplasma. Among many pathogenic microorganisms, doxycycline is especially effective against trachea and bronchitis caused by Gram-negative bacteria and mycoplasma.
The main reasons why doxycycline has a relatively good effect on livestock and poultry trachea and bronchitis are that it has a broad antibacterial spectrum and strong antibacterial effect. In addition to its good effect on Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria, it can also inhibit respiratory mycoplasma, rickettsia and other pathogens that are resistant or insensitive to other drugs.
Furthermore, doxycycline is absorbed quickly after oral administration, and can exert its maximum effect in about 3 hours, and maintains its effect in the body for a long time. The third is that doxycycline has certain antitussive, expectorant and antiasthmatic effects. These effects have been confirmed by animal experiments, and they are all characteristics that other antibiotics do not have.
The above-mentioned unique advantages of doxycycline, as well as its blood concentration for maintaining effective effects in livestock and poultry are longer than those of commonly used clinical respiratory drugs, which further explains “why doxycycline is used in the treatment of livestock and poultry trachea and bronchitis This is the reason why the curative effect is better.”
Carbasalate calcium is an antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drug, which is a chelate of calcium acetylsalicylate (the calcium salt of aspirin) and urea. Soluble in water, the aqueous solution is acidic. This product has significant antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, rapid oral absorption, quick onset and high bioavailability. It can be widely combined with plasma proteins and rapidly distributed to the whole body tissues and organs such as trachea, bronchi and lung.
Carbasalate calcium can inhibit the antigen-antibody conjugate reaction in allergy, improve the clinical manifestations such as redness, swelling, heat, and pain in the body’s inflammatory process, and reduce inflammatory exudation.
In the process of inhibiting the pathological reaction of the body, carbasalate calcium can reduce the inflammatory exudation by inhibiting the antigen-antibody conjugate reaction in the allergic reaction, and can inhibit the production of endotoxin and the inflammation caused by the increase of plasma protein exuded from venules. Inflammation and swelling etc.
According to the physical, chemical and pharmacological characteristics of the above two drugs, in the treatment of respiratory diseases of livestock and poultry, doxycycline and carbasalate calcium are combined and prescribed for the treatment of respiratory diseases caused by multiple causes of livestock and poultry. It is better than the treatment effect of doxycycline alone.
The prescription can enhance the antibacterial and anti-mycoplasma effects of doxycycline in terms of rapid control of disease pathological deterioration and effective treatment, and the synergistic administration of the two drugs can significantly improve the therapeutic effect of doxycycline on livestock and poultry respiratory diseases.
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