Advancements in Genetic Testing
Genetic testing identifies changes in the chromosome structure or DNA sequence. It is also used to identify changes in genes and proteins, and it also plays a great role in diagnosing genetic disorders and the healthcare industry.
In the 1950s, the first genetic prenatal screens were developed as early advancements with the discovery of additional copies of chromosome 21, which caused Down’s syndrome with the development of the karyotyping test, combined with the ability to collect foetal cells from a pregnant woman’s amniotic fluid.
Genetic testing can be divided into two eras: Before the Humana Genome Project and after the Human Genome Project. The defining event between them was the announcement of the first draft of the human genome in 2000, a breakthrough in Genetic Testing.
In the present scenario, genetic testing techniques such as “whole exome sequencing” and microarrays have increased the accessibility of genetic testing by providing quick and cost-effective data. The whole-genome sequencing technique uses in the protein-coding region of the genome, and the microarrays technique probe for sets of specific variations in the DNA.
With advancements in genetic testing, leading companies like Genesight and BiogeniQ have improved upon traditional whole-genome testing platforms by analyzing how a subset of a patient’s genes may affect their medication outcomes at a fraction of the cost. Results from these technologies can inform doctors about how each patient may respond to certain medications and avoid unsafe and ineffective medications.
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